Face recognition from digital images is used for surveillance and authentication in cities, organizations, and personal devices. Internet of Things (IoT)-powered face recognition systems use multiple sensors and one or more servers to process Data. All sensor Data from initial methods was sent to the central server for processing, raising concerns about sensitive Data disclosure. The main concern was that all Data from all sectors that could contain confidential information was placed in a central server. Federated learning can solve this problem by using several local model training servers for each region and a central aggregation server to form a global model in IoT networks. This article presents a novel approach to optimize Data transfer and convergence time in federated learning for a face recognition task using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II). The aim of the study is to balance the trade-off between training time and model accuracy in a federated learning environment. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing Data transfer and convergence time, leading to improved performance in face recognition accuracy. This research provides insights for researchers and practitioners to enhance the efficiency of federated learning in real-world applications.

2The current research was conducted with the aim of compiling and validating the educational package of the 10th grade religion and life lesson Based on Choice Theory. The research method for the stage of designing and compiling the educational package was descriptive-analytical method mixed . The main themes of the training package and the time required for training were taken from written sources such as the model of G schools and internal and external research projects. To validate the package, while using the face validity method, the content validity method was used in a qualitative and quantitative way. It was used with a panel of 14 experts. 14 experts were considered as the statistical population, 10 of them were in the field of psychology, two were in the field of curriculum planning, and two were in the field of education. In addition, two relative coefficients of content validity and content validity index were used. The minimum and maximum relative content validity coefficients for each item of the package were calculated as 1 and 0.71, and the content validity index in most sessions reached the number (0.85) for all goals in the educational protocol. The results revealed that the educational package of the Religion and Life lesson Based on Choice Theory for 10th grade students have good formal and content validity and has the necessary validity for educational applications and research use.

AbstractContext and purpose. The purpose of this research is to design a model for the development of cultural and creative industries through economic tools and mechanisms and the integration of creative and cultural economy.Methodology/approach. In the current study, the qualitative method of grounded Theory was used and the in-depth interview technique was used to collect information. The sampling method of the research was purposeful and snowball methods with theoretical saturation criteria and interviews with 20 experts in the field of creative and cultural industries. open, axial and selective coding processes was used to Data analysis, and after that, the grounded Theory emerging from the Data was presented in the form of a story and visual model, and Based on them, definition and classification were carried out for the application of the development of creative and cultural industries. Findings and conclusions. The results have shown that training and empowerment of cultural and creative industries and culture building in the field of cultural and creative industries act as intervening conditions to encourage business owners to create cultural and creative jobs, and these three-dimensional conditions in interaction together have caused the development of cultural and creative industries and the dynamics of the economy and moving towards the creative economy, and the consequence of that is the creative ecosystem approach to economic benefits and economic profitability and cultural development.Originality/innovation. Previous researches have pointed out factors affecting cultural industries or creative industries separately and from different perspectives,

current research is to critically analyze the discourse of world peace in the textbooks of the Iranian educational system Based on the Theory of identification by L& M. For this purpose, the textbooks between the years 1357-1392 (primary period and first period high school) have been analyzed. This article has been done with the combined method of analyzing the discourse of Fairclough, L &M and focusing on the following questions: What was the status of the world peace discourse in the educational documents of this era? What subjects are these educational materials trying to create? What role have the dominant political discourses in this era played in shaping the identity of these subjects? The findings show that the discourse of world peace in educational books and documents has been rejected due to the demarcation between Islamic and non-Islamic, internal and external. Power processes have tried to create militant and vengeful subjects with a military identity. The factor of persuasion of the subjects is the axiomatization of the ideologies of the revolution with an Islamic nature. Also, the educational content by inducing specific defense ideologies has formed pacifist identities in all individual, interpersonal, social and international dimensions.

One of the factors that can be the link between our intentions and actions and their external consequences is human agency, which indicates the conscious design and intentional execution of actions by the individual in order to influence future events.Objective and Method: This research with a developmental approach of psychometric method and method 1, examines the psychometric indices of the Human Factor Characteristics Scale using the classical Theory of test score measurement and the graduated question-answer Theory. The purpose of this study, which included high school students in Tehran, was selected by cluster sampling of 500 people as a sample size and statistical analysis was performed on 481 Data. To collect the Data, the ion Human Agent Characteristics Scale (2011) was used and the research questions were evaluated using IRTPRO and SPSS software.Results:The assumption of local independence Based on Pearson x2 index was established by applying Simjima's calibrated question-answer Theory and the assumption of being one-dimensional Based on the analysis of multidimensional question-answer Theory. Diagnosis parameters with question-answer approach and classical approach Test score Both item 25 approach had the lowest and item 2 had the highest diagnosis parameter. The answer thresholds for all the questions were so far apart that no option was covered by the other option, and the options were independently selected by individuals at intervals of theta. The total scale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.945, intentionality of 0.894, foresight of 0.780, self-reactivity of 0.871 and rethinking of 0.762. Also, the role of each item in internal consistency was investigated by the loop method, which all questions had a favorable role in internal consistency of this scale. The value of the validity coefficient obtained from the question-answer Theory was obtained by marginal method for intentionality 0.92, forethought 0.85, self-reaction 0.91, rethinking 0.83..

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to discover a model to develop beneficence Based organizational culture on the basis of Scheine's culture levels in consideration with the existing gap in organizational beneficence and lacking in Organizational culture Based on beneficence.Method: The Method of this research is Based on Grounded Theory strategy and the structure of the model is Based on paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin.Results: About the core variable, by searching in Shia resources, we discovered 19 concepts and then 9 prepositions, as a beneficence Based behaviors and about other circumstances semi structured interviews were launched.Conclusion: The authors of the present survey conclude due to the findings, while any organization cares about effective elements on the final model, it will result in productivity and success.

Objectives The present paper seeks to formulate a Theory of knowledge evolution Based on the Data-Based approach of the Supreme Leader. Method The methodology of this study is qualitative methodology and secondary Data Theory is used to conduct research operations. The most important questions in the present study will be "What theoretical model of epistemic evolution explains the supreme leader's view? " What changes in the humanities in Iran will trigger the epistemic transformation? What are its action strategies? And what are the consequences of these strategies? Results The findings include several major themes. Definitions of Explaining True Islam, Islam's Comprehensive Plan of Human Prosperity, Jurisprudence of the Plan of Life, as the Internal Causal Conditions; Today's Wish to Understand Religion and Equations Universal Changeable as External Causes; Explaining Deep Understanding and Ijtihad, Defining and Explaining Jurisprudence as Intervening Conditions; Activating Poverty and Ijtihad; Religious Thought The mission of the seminaries, the necessity of explaining the fundamentals of religion and revolution, and the Islamic model of government by the field, the field's response to The Doubts and Doubts of the Day as a Practical Strategy for Reviving the Power of Religion and Paying Attention to Spirituality The Fruit of Moving Towards Islamic Knowledge, the Integration of Western Humanities and Islamic Humanities as Consequences of the Epistemic Transformation and the Nuclear Category It covers the major categories above. Conclusion The native model of the proposed theoretical model, Based on the Supreme Leader's guidelines, explains the epistemic evolution well.

AbstractStudying academic procrastination among students can provide scientific support and necessary decision-making strategies for higher education institutions to promote students’ mental health. This study aimed to model academic procrastination among graduate students and identify strategies for dealing with it, through a qualitative approach and using Data-Based Theory. A total of 15 faculty members participated in this study and were interviewed purposefully and Based on the rule of theoretical saturation. Data analysis was conducted Based on three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. Scientific and research incompetence, inefficiency of the university system (weak mechanisms of the student recruitment system, ineffective management and educational laws, weak effective communication between the university and industry and society, and lack of justification education), the labor market and job opportunities are among the causal conditions for the formation of procrastination. In contrast, students use passive or active strategies (adaptive strategy and illegitimate opportunity strategy) against procrastination. Social beliefs, the existence of shortcuts, family support, and academic alienation of professors as intervening conditions, and the nature of academic disciplines (in the humanities and basic sciences), lack of scientific and research equipment, multiple roles, and in-person or virtual education as background conditions affect strategies. The consequences of this behavior are the weakening of scientific credibility and professional ethics, and the weakening of the cultural capital of society. In general, continuous procrastination behavior can be a meaningful response to social, cultural, and organizational conditions. This behavior is not only a result of individual factors, but also a reaction to macrostructures and social expectations, which at the same time indicates individual agency in managing the situation. Keywords: Educational Policymaking, Academic Procrastination, Graduate Students, Data-Based Theory. 1. IntroductionStudying academic procrastination among students can provide scientific support and necessary decision-making strategies for higher education institutions to promote students’ mental health.The recent occurrence of a public crisis, such as COVID-19, has had unprecedented impacts on all levels of education (Toquero, 2020), particularly affecting students’ psychological well-being and learning. The challenge of COVID-19 not only disrupts students’ academic and daily lives, but also exacerbates the problems of academic procrastination (Gamage et al., 2020; Tarkar, 2020). Since, in addition to the delay in graduation, students, even highly motivated individuals, may procrastinate on some tasks at some point in time, it is important to scientifically examine why and how this issue occurs. It also seems that personality and psychological factors explain only a part of student procrastination, and social, economic, cultural, environmental, and organizational conditions, in addition to individual factors, can greatly stimulate or mediate learner behavior (Steele and Klingsick, 2016), because learning and studying in higher education usually takes place in some kind of social system and is often organized in a system of social actions (Kappenburg and Klingsick, 2022). Therefore, examining organizational policies and culture, academic skills and abilities, social needs and expectations, and other environmental and cultural factors, along with personality variables, helps to provide a comprehensive analysis of student procrastination. Procrastination, or more precisely, academic procrastination, is not considered in this study as an individual characteristic variable or a generalized habit, but rather at the individual, academic, and societal levels. Instead of pointing the finger of blame at the individual for the phenomenon of academic procrastination, the aim of the present study is also to identify other variables that are beyond the individual’s control and cause procrastination. So far, no similar sociological study has been conducted in Iran that seeks to examine the concept of academic procrastination and discover the specific experiences of the professors’ group in relation to students. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to study academic procrastination with a sociological approach from the perspective of faculty members of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and to present a paradigmatic model Based on the grounded Theory method.  2. Materials and MethodsThis research was conducted using a qualitative grounded Theory method. The study population was faculty members of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, who were selected as participants due to their direct experience with students and awareness of their academic challenges. Sampling was purposive and continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Finally, 15 semi-structured interviews were conducted with faculty members. The Data were analyzed in three stages: open, axial, and selective coding. In the open coding stage, raw Data were transformed into primary concepts. In the axial coding stage, these concepts were organized around the main axes, and finally, in the selective coding stage, the core category was identified and expanded.3. DataThe research findings showed that academic procrastination among graduate students as a purposeful action is rooted in structural and organizational causes. The paradigmatic model presented in this study includes causal conditions, contexts, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences of procrastination.Causal conditions: These conditions include knowledge disability (poverty of scientific knowledge), research disability, and inefficiency of the university system, labor market, and job opportunities. Knowledge disability refers to weakness in academic reading and lack of scientific inference and analysis. Research disability is also related to students’ lack of mastery of research methods and weakness in knowledge production. Inefficiency of the university system includes weakness of student recruitment mechanisms, ineffective management and educational laws, weak university-industry and community relations, and lack of justification training.- Contexts: This section includes the nature of academic disciplines, multiple roles, in-person or virtual education, and lack of scientific and research equipment. The nature of academic disciplines, especially in the fields of basic sciences and humanities, can affect the level of procrastination. The multiplicity of roles of students (such as family or work responsibilities) can also lead to role conflict and increased procrastination.- Intervening conditions: These conditions include family support, the presence of intergenerational patterns, social beliefs, and academic alienation of the professor. Family support can affect students’ motivation and behavior, while the presence of intergenerational patterns and social beliefs such as degree orientation can lead to a decrease in academic motivation. Academic alienation of the professor can also help to reinforce procrastination.- Strategies: Students use two types of strategies when faced with procrastination: passive and active. Passive strategies include giving up and avoiding assignments, while active strategies include adaptive strategies (such as trying to catch up) and illicit opportunities (such as buying a thesis or copying). Consequences: Academic procrastination can lead to the weakening of academic credibility and professional ethics, the reduction of the cultural capital of society, and the reproduction of incompetent individuals. These consequences not only affect students’ academic performance, but also have negative effects on social and economic structures. 4. DiscussionHis present study showed that academic procrastination is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is rooted in the interaction of individual, structural, organizational, cultural, and social factors. This phenomenon not only affects students’ academic performance, but also has broad implications for society. To effectively deal with this phenomenon, a comprehensive and multidimensional approach is needed that, in addition to reforming educational structures, also pays attention to cultural and social changes. The findings of this study can be used as a basis for future research and educational policy-making at the macro level. It is suggested that reviewing educational practices, strengthening university relations with industry and society, and teaching research skills to students should be considered as effective strategies to reduce academic procrastination. 5. ConclusionIn general, persistent procrastination can be a meaningful response to social, cultural, and organizational conditions. This behavior is not only a result of individual factors, but also a reaction to macrostructures and social expectations, which at the same time indicates individual agency in managing the situation.In general, the continuous performance of procrastination behavior can be a meaningful response to social, cultural, and organizational conditions. This behavior is not only a result of individual factors, but also a reaction to macrostructures and social expectations, which at the same time indicates individual agency in managing the conditions. Students’ behavior in the face of procrastination is a combination of structural and agency influences. Some students avoid completing tasks by adopting passive strategies, while others try to compensate for their shortcomings by using active or illegitimate strategies. These behaviors reflect the complex interaction between the inefficient structures of the educational system and the individual agency of students. To improve this situation, it is necessary to review student recruitment policies, define clear educational goals, strengthen interaction between professors and students, and promote a meritocratic culture. In conclusion, it can be said that academic procrastination is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is rooted in the interaction of individual, structural, organizational, cultural, and social factors. This phenomenon not only affects students’ academic performance, but also has widespread consequences for society. To effectively deal with this phenomenon, a comprehensive and multidimensional approach is required that, in addition to reforming educational structures, also pays attention to cultural and social changes. The findings of this study can be used as a basis for future research and educational policymaking at the macro level.

One of the main lines of study in the sphere of "management of organizational behavior" is the leadership. In the literature of western management, there are many theories on the leadership. What is the focus of attention about the requirements of leadership in the Islamic domain has been derived from our beliefs, i.e. what is Based on Qur'anic verses and the sayings of our infallible religious leaders. In this regard, Nahj al-Balagha is an Islamic source containing many exhortations and wise sayings on effective leadership addressed by Imam Ali to his generals. In the present study, the researchers have tried to study Imam Ali's words to obtain the Theory of effective leadership in his view. Therefore, the research method in this article has been the qualitative strategy of Data-Based textual Theory, resulting in creation of a Theory. Thus, it is necessary to use the word "Theory" in the title of the research.We know that Imam Ali's words are true and whatever is true needs no test. Therefore, researchers just state the Theory in Imam Ali's words.

Today the consumption of cultural products is one of the most important aspect of life style. The purpose of the present study is to develop a proper pattern for the family usage of cyberspace. The qualitative method of Data Theory has been used to formulate this pattern and to obtain Data tailored to the subject of the study. The participants in this study were experts in the field of ethics and family who were selected through theoretical sampling for semi-structured interviews and explorations، and interviews continued until the Data arrived at theoretical saturation. Validity of the findings was confirmed by the members' matching methods، peer review and interviews. For analyzing Data، open source، axial and selective coding were used. The results of this research shows that 335 initial conceptual propositions with 17 main categories and 49 sub categories in the form of six dimensions of the paradigmatic model including: Ali (3 categories); main phenomena (cyberspace and cyber); strategy (2 categories); Fields (6 categories); Environmental conditions (4 categories); and Outcome (2 categories) were identified. The integration of the categories Based on the existing relationships among them created a paradigmatic model that provides a suitable pattern for family use of cyberspace and cybernetics.